all-hydraulic machine

• напълно хидравлична машина

- overhead way machine

1) машина; станок; двигатель; механизм

2) организационный аппарат

3) машинный

4) механически обрабатывать; обрабатывать на станке

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- angle-bending machine

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машина; станок; механизм; устройство; установка

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- air machine

SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Domestic appliances and interiors, Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Public utilities

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Bramah was the son of a tenant farmer and was educated at the village school before being apprenticed to a local carpenter, Thomas Allot. He walked to London c.1773 and found work with a Mr Allen that included the repair of some of the comparatively rare water-closets of the period. He invented and patented one of his own, which was followed by a water cock in 1783. His next invention, a greatly improved lock, involved the devising of a number of special machine tools, for it was one of the first devices involving interchangeable components in its manufacture. In this he had the help of Henry Maudslay, then a young and unknown engineer, who became Bramah's foreman before setting up business on his own. In 1784 he moved his premises from Denmark Street, St Giles, to 124 Piccadilly, which was later used as a showroom when he set up a factory in Pimlico. He invented an engine for putting out fires in 1785 and 1793, in effect a reciprocating rotary-vane pump. He undertook the refurbishment and modernization of Norwich waterworks c.1793, but fell out with Robert Mylne, who was acting as Consultant to the Norwich Corporation and had produced a remarkably vague specification. This was Bramah's only venture into the field of civil engineering.

In 1797 he acted as an expert witness for Hornblower \& Maberley in the patent infringement case brought against them by Boulton and Watt. Having been cut short by the judge, he published his proposed evidence in "Letter to the Rt Hon. Sir James Eyre, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas…etc". In 1795 he was granted his most important patent, based on Pascal's Hydrostatic Paradox, for the hydraulic press which also incorporated the concept of hydraulics for the transmission of both power and motion and was the foundation of the whole subsequent hydraulic industry. There is no truth in the oft-repeated assertion originating from Samuel Smiles's Industrial Biography (1863) that the hydraulic press could not be made to work until Henry Maudslay invented the self-sealing neck leather. Bramah used a single-acting upstroking ram, sealed only at its base with a U-leather. There was no need for a neck leather.

He also used the concept of the weight-loaded, in this case as a public-house beer-engine. He devised machinery for carbonating soda water. The first banknote-numbering machine was of his design and was bought by the Bank of England. His development of a machine to cut twelve nibs from one goose quill started a patent specification which ended with the invention of the fountain pen, patented in 1809. His coach brakes were an innovation that was followed bv a form of hydropneumatic carriage suspension that was somewhat in advance of its time, as was his patent of 1812. This foresaw the introduction of hydraulic power mains in major cities and included the telescopic ram and the air-loaded accumulator.

In all Joseph Bramah was granted eighteen patents. On 22 March 1813 he demonstrated a hydraulic machine for pulling up trees by the roots in Hyde Park before a large crowd headed by the Duke of York. Using the same machine in Alice Holt Forest in Hampshire to fell timber for ships for the Navy, he caught a chill and died soon after at his home in Pimlico.

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- 5-motion robot

- track adhesion

- track adjuster

- track adjusting lever

- track adjusting mechanism

- track adjustment

- track-alignment gauge

- track-bed bench

- track block

- track bolt

- track-bound vehicle

- track brake

- track braking

- track cable

- track carrier roller

- track chain

- track-chain scraper

- track crossing

- track curve

- track driving sprocket

- track driving wheel

- track frame

- track frame roller seat

- track gauge

- track grinder

- track indicator

- track irregularity

- track-laying machine

- track-laying tractor

- track lining

- track link

- track link bushing

- track link rail

- track links jumping

- track link welder bed

- track lug

- track magnet

- track rod

- track rod end

- track roller

- track roller arrangement centerline

- track roller frame

- track roller frame guard

- track sag

- track sag gage

- track shoe

- track shoe bolt

- track shoe key

- track shoe plate

- track spacing

- track spike

- ball track

- bearing track

- belt track

- body track

- caterpillar track

- clear track

- coiled track

- composite track

- crawler track

- crossover track

- dwell track

- electrically powered track

- elevated track

- empty track

- endless track

- entry track

- front track

- galvanometer track

- haulage track

- heavy-duty track

- high-speed track

- house track

- inclined track

- industrial track

- lay tracks

- leave the track

- level track

- link track

- motor-vehicle testing track

- multiroller conveyor track

- race track

- rail track

- rear track

- return to track

- rubber block track

- seat track

- single track

- shifting of track

- stub track

- switch track

- arm mixer

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смеситель; мешалка

1) система

2) установка; устройство

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- 2D CAD system